I-UHV ingathuthukisa kakhulu umthamo wokudlulisela wegridi yamandla yezwe lami.Ngokwemininingwane ehlinzekwe yi-State Grid Corporation yaseChina, igridi yamandla kagesi ye-UHV DC yesekethe yokuqala ingadlulisa ama-kilowatts kagesi ayizigidi eziyisi-6, okulingana izikhathi ezi-5 kuya kwezi-6 kunegridi kagesi engu-500 kV DC ekhona, kanye Ibanga lokudluliswa kwamandla nalo liphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 kunezakamuva.Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kuthuthukiswa kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezibalo ze-State Grid Corporation yaseChina, uma ukudluliswa kwamandla kagesi ofanayo kwenziwa, ukusetshenziswa kwemigqa ye-UHV kungasindisa u-60% wezinsiza zomhlaba uma kuqhathaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwemigqa yamandla kagesi angu-500 kV. .
Ama-transformer ayimishini ebalulekile ezimbonini zamandla kanye neziteshi ezincane.Zinomthelela obalulekile kwikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwesistimu yamandla.Ama-Ultra-high voltage transformers ayabiza futhi anemisebenzi esindayo yokusebenza.Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisa ucwaningo ekuphatheni amaphutha abo.
I-transformer iyinhliziyo yesistimu yamandla.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina nokuvuselela i-transformer ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesistimu yamandla.Kulezi zinsuku, uhlelo lwamandla ezwe lami lukhula njalo lubheke ku-ultra-high kanye namandla amakhulu.Ukumbozwa kanye nomthamo wenethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamandla kuyanda kancane kancane, okwenza ama-transformer athuthuke kancane kancane aqonde ku-ultra-high umthamo namandla amakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ukuphakama kwezinga le-transformer, amathuba amakhulu okuhluleka, kanye nomonakalo omkhulu obangelwa ukwehluleka kokusebenza kwe-transformer.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kokuhluleka, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwama-ultra-high transformers kanye nokuphathwa kwansuku zonke kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuzinza nokuphepha kwesistimu yamandla.Ukwenyuka kubalulekile.
Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinkinga Ezivamile Izimbangela ze
Amaphutha e-ultra-high voltage transformer ngokuvamile ayinkimbinkimbi.Ukuze uhlole ngokunembile amaphutha e-transformer, kubalulekile ukuqonda kuqala izimbangela zamaphutha ezivamile zama-transformer:
1. Ukuphazamiseka komugqa
Ukuphazamiseka komugqa, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-line inrush current, kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yamaphutha e-transformer.Kubangelwa ukuvala u-overvoltage, ukuphakama kwe-voltage, iphutha lomugqa, i-flashover nokunye okungavamile ekudluliseni nasekusabalaliseni.
2. Ukuguga kwe-insulation
Ngokwezibalo, ukuguga kwe-insulation kuyimbangela yesibili yokuhluleka kwe-transformer.Ukuguga kwe-insulation kuzonciphisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yama-transformers futhi kubangele ukwehluleka kwe-transformer.Idatha ibonisa ukuthi ukuguga kwe-insulation kuzonciphisa impilo yesevisi yama-transformer ngempilo yesevisi yeminyaka engama-35 kuye kwengama-40.isilinganiso sifinyelelwe eminyakeni engama-20.
3. Ukugcwala
Ukulayisha ngokweqile kubhekisela ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside kwe-transformer enamandla angaphezu kwe-nameplate.Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ezitshalweni zikagesi naseminyangweni esetshenziswa amandla.Njengoba isikhathi sokusebenza sokulayisha ngokweqile sikhuphuka, izinga lokushisa lokufakelwa lizokhula kancane kancane, okusheshisa ukusebenza kokufakwa.Ukuguga kwezingxenye, ukuguga kwengxenye ye-insulating, nokunciphisa amandla kulula ukulimaza imithelela yangaphandle, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwe-transformer.
4. Ukufakwa okungalungile.Okungalungile
ukukhethwa kwemishini yokuvikela kanye nokusebenza okungajwayelekile kokuphepha kuzodala izingozi ezifihliwe zokuhluleka kwe-transformer.Ngokuvamile, ukwehluleka kwe-transformer okubangelwa ukukhetha okungalungile kwemishini yokuvikela umbani, ukufakwa okungalungile kwama-relay okuvikela kanye nama-circuit breaker kuvame kakhulu.
5. Okungalungile
ukunakekelwa Akukho ukwehluleka okumbalwa kwe-ultra-high transformer okubangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwansuku zonke.Isibonelo, ukulungiswa okungalungile kubangela ukuba i-transformer ibe nomswakama;ukugcinwa kwepompo ye-oil submersible akukafiki ngesikhathi, okwenza i-powder yethusi ihlanganiswe ku-transformer kanye nomoya omunca endaweni yokucindezela okubi;izintambo ezingalungile;ukuxhumana okuxekethile nokukhiqizwa kokushisa;I-tap change ayikho endaweni, njll.
6. Ukukhiqiza okungekuhle
Nakuba amaphutha e-ultra-high abangelwa ikhwalithi yenqubo empofu eyinombolo encane kuphela, amaphutha abangelwa yilesi sizathu ngokuvamile aba mabi kakhulu futhi ayingozi kakhulu.Isibonelo, iziphetho zezintambo ezixegayo, amaphedi axegayo, ukushisela okungekuhle, ukumelana nesekethe emfishane, njll., ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kokuklama noma ukukhiqizwa okungekuhle.
Ukunqunywa kwephutha nokwelashwa
1. Izimo zephutha A
i-transformer ine-voltage elinganiselwe engu- (345±8)×1.25kV/121kV/35kV, umthamo olinganiselwe ongu-240MVA/240MVA/72MVA, kanti i-transformer eyinhloko ibisebenza ngokuzinzile esikhathini esidlule.Ngolunye usuku, ukuhlaziywa kwe-chromatographic kawoyela kawoyela we-transformer eyinhloko kwenziwa, futhi kwatholakala ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-acetylene kumafutha avikelayo womzimba we-transformer oyinhloko kwakungu-2.3 μl/l, ngakho amasampula athathwa kabili ntambama nakusihlwa. ngosuku olufanayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-acetylene kwamafutha omzimba we-transformer kulesi sigaba kuye kwanda kakhulu.Ngokushesha kwabonisa ukuthi kwakukhona okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwe-transformer, ngakho-ke i-transformer enkulu yavalwa ekuseni kakhulu ngosuku olulandelayo.
2. Ukwelashwa esizeni
Ukuze unqume uhlobo lwephutha le-transformer kanye nendawo yokukhipha, ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kwenziwa:
I-1) Indlela yamanje ye-Pulse, ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-pulse, kwatholakala ukuthi ngokwanda kwe-voltage yokuhlola kanye nokwenyuka kwesikhathi sokuhlola, amandla okukhipha ingxenye ye-transformer anda kakhulu.I-voltage yokuqala yokukhipha kanye ne-voltage yokucisha iyancipha kancane kancane njengoba ukuhlolwa kuqhubeka;
2) Isilinganiso sokukhishwa kwe-spectrum esiyingxenye.Ngokuhlaziya umdwebo we-waveform otholiwe, kunganqunywa ukuthi ingxenye yokukhipha i-transformer ingaphakathi kokujija;
3) Ukuma kwe-Ultrasonic kokukhishwa okuyingxenye.Ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezimbalwa zokukhishwa kwendawo ye-ultrasonic, inzwa yaqoqa amasignali e-ultrasonic abuthaka futhi angazinzile ngokwedlulele lapho i-voltage iphezulu, okuphinde kwafakazela ukuthi indawo yokukhipha kufanele ibekwe ngaphakathi kokusonga;
4) Ukuhlolwa kwe-chromatography kawoyela.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokukhishwa okuyingxenye, ingxenye yevolumu ye-acetylene ikhuphukele ku-231.44 × 10-6, okubonisa ukuthi kwakukhona ukukhishwa kwe-arc okunamandla ngaphakathi kwe-transformer ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokukhipha ingxenye.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yokwehluleka
Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwendawo, kukholelwa ukuthi izizathu zokuhluleka kokukhishwa yilezi ezilandelayo:
1) Insulating amakhadibhodi.Ukucutshungulwa kwekhadibhodi ye-insulating kunezinga elithile lokuhlakazeka, ngakho-ke ikhadibhodi le-insulating lineziphambeko ezithile zekhwalithi, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi kuyashintshwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa;
2) I-insulation margin yesikrini se-electrostatic yekhoyili elawula amandla kagesi ayanele.Uma i-radius ye-curvature incane kakhulu, umphumela wokulinganisa i-voltage awulungile, okuzobangela ukuhlukana kokukhishwa kulesi sikhundla;
3) Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke akuphelele.Umswakama wemishini, isipontshi nezinye izibi nakho kungenye yezizathu zokuhluleka kokukhipha.
Ukulungiswa kwe-transformer
uthathe izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokunakekela ukuze kuqedwe iphutha lokukhipha:
1) Izingxenye zokuvikela ezonakele nezigugayo zashintshwa, futhi indawo yokuphuka yekhoyili ene-voltage ephansi kanye nekhoyili elawula amandla kagesi yalungiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kwathuthukiswa amandla okufaka lapho.Gwema ukuqhekeka okubangelwa ukukhishwa.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ukufakwa okuyinhloko kuphinde konakaliswe ngezinga elithile phakathi nenqubo yokuwohloka, konke ukufakwa okuyinhloko phakathi kwekhoyili ye-low-voltage kanye nekhoyili yokulawula i-voltage kushintshiwe;
2) Susa izibopho zekhebula le-equipotential kwesikrini se-electrostatic.Vula, susa i-chestnut yamanzi ephumayo, wandise i-radius yokugoba ekhoneni bese ugoqa ukufakwa, ukuze unciphise amandla ensimu;
3) Ngokwezidingo zenqubo ye-330kV transformer, umzimba we-transformer ucwiliswe ngokuphelele emafutheni futhi womiswa ngaphandle kwesigaba.Ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa kwengxenye yoketshezi kufanele kwenziwe futhi, futhi kungashajwa futhi kusetshenziswe kuphela ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa.Ukwengeza, ukuze ugweme ukuphindaphinda kwamaphutha okukhishwa, ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwansuku zonke kwama-transformers kufanele kuqiniswe, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-chromatography kawoyela kufanele kwenziwe kaningi ukuze kutholwe amaphutha ngesikhathi futhi kubambe izimo zabo ezithile.Lapho kutholakala amaphutha, izindlela ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe kufanele zisetshenziswe ukwahlulela isimo sendawo enephutha futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ukufingqa, izimbangela zamaphutha ama-ultra-high voltage transformers ziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izindlela ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukwahlulela amaphutha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa endaweni, futhi izimbangela zamaphutha kufanele zihlaziywe ngokuningiliziwe.Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-voltage angu-ultra-high ayabiza futhi kunzima ukuwanakekela.Ukuze ugweme ukwehluleka, ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwansuku zonke kufanele kwenziwe kahle ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okuhluleka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-26-2022