Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-Photovoltaic zihlulwe kwiinkqubo ezizimeleyo ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-grid-connected photovoltaic systems.Izikhululo zamandla ezizimeleyo ze-photovoltaic ziquka iinkqubo zonikezelo lwamandla ezilalini kwiindawo ezikude, iinkqubo zonikezelo lwamandla ombane welanga, izixhobo zombane zonxibelelwano, ukhuseleko lwe-cathodic, izibane zelanga ezitalatweni kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic ezineebhetri ezinokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic edibeneyo yegridi yinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic edityaniswe kwigridi kwaye ihambisa umbane kwigridi.Inokwahlulwa ibe ziinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane ezidityaniswe ngegridi kunye nangaphandle kweebhetri.Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla egridi enebhetri iyacwangciswa kwaye inokudityaniswa okanye ihoxiswe kwigridi yamandla ngokweemfuno.Kananjalo inomsebenzi wokubonelela ngombane ogcinayo, onokubonelela ngombane ongxamisekileyo xa igridi yamandla inqunyulwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile.I-Photovoltaic igridi edibeneyo yokuvelisa amandla ombane kunye neebhetri zihlala zifakwe kwizakhiwo zokuhlala;Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla ezidityanisiweyo ngegridi ngaphandle kweebhetri azinayo imisebenzi yokuhanjiswa kunye namandla okugcina, kwaye zifakwe ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezinkulu.
Izixhobo zenkqubo
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic iqulethwe kwiiseli zelanga, iipakethi zebhetri, izilawuli zokuhlawula kunye nokukhupha, ii-inverters, iikhabhinethi zokusabalalisa amandla e-AC, iinkqubo zokulawula ukulandelela ilanga kunye nezinye izixhobo.Eminye yemisebenzi yezixhobo zayo zezi:
PV
Xa kukho ukukhanya (nokuba kukukhanya kwelanga okanye ukukhanya okuveliswa zezinye izikhanyiso), ibhetri ifunxa amandla okukhanya, kwaye ukuqokelelwa kweentlawuliso zomqondiso ochaseneyo kwenzeka kuzo zombini iziphelo zebhetri, oko kukuthi, "i-voltage eyenziwe ngefoto" yenziwe, yi "photovoltaic effect".Ngaphantsi kwesenzo sempembelelo ye-photovoltaic, iziphelo ezimbini zeseli yelanga zivelisa amandla e-electromotive, aguqula amandla okukhanya kumandla ombane, okuyisixhobo sokuguqula amandla.Iiseli zelanga ngokubanzi ziiseli ze-silicon, ezahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezintathu: iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline, iiseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon kunye neeseli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon.
Ipakethi yebhetri
Umsebenzi walo kukugcina amandla ombane akhutshwa yi-solar cell array xa ikhanyisa kunye nokubonelela amandla kumthwalo nangaliphi na ixesha.Iimfuno ezisisiseko zebhetri esetyenziswa kumbane weseli yelanga zezi: a.izinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha;b.ubomi benkonzo ende;c.ukukhupha ubunzulu obunamandla;d.ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja;e.ukugcinwa okuncinci okanye ukungakhathalelwa;f.ubushushu bokusebenza Uluhlu olubanzi;g.ixabiso eliphantsi.
isixhobo sokulawula
Sisixhobo esinokuthi sithintele ngokuzenzekelayo ukugqithiswa kunye nokugqithiswa kwebhetri.Ekubeni inani lemijikelezo yentlawulo kunye nokukhutshwa kunye nobunzulu bokukhutshwa kwebhetri zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekunqumeni ubomi benkonzo yebhetri, umlawuli wentlawulo kunye nokukhutshwa okwazi ukulawula ukugqithiswa okanye ukukhutshwa kwebhetri iyisixhobo esibalulekileyo.
Inverter
Isixhobo esiguqula umsinga othe ngqo ube ngumsinga otshintshanayo.Ekubeni iiseli zelanga kunye neebhetri ziyimithombo yamandla e-DC, kwaye umthwalo ngumthwalo we-AC, i-inverter ibalulekile.Ngokwendlela yokusebenza, i-inverters inokwahlulwa ibe yi-inverters yokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kunye ne-grid-connected inverters.Ii-inverters ezimele zodwa zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga ezimele zodwa ukunika amandla imithwalo emele yodwa.Ii-inverters eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi zisetyenziselwa igridi edityaniswe neenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga.I-inverter inokohlulwa ibe yi-square wave inverter kunye ne-sine wave inverter ngokwendlela yokuphuma.I-square wave inverter inesiphaluka esilula kunye neendleko eziphantsi, kodwa inecandelo elikhulu le-harmonic.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezingaphantsi kwamakhulu amaninzi e-watts kunye neemfuno eziphantsi ze-harmonic.I-Sine wave inverters iyabiza, kodwa ingafakwa kwimithwalo eyahlukeneyo.
inkqubo yokulandelela
Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga ye-photovoltaic kwindawo emiselweyo, ilanga liphuma kwaye litshona yonke imihla ngamaxesha amane onyaka, kwaye i-angle yokukhanya kwelanga iyatshintsha lonke ixesha.Ukuba iphaneli yelanga inokuhlala ijongene nelanga, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kuya kuphuculwa.ukufikelela eyona meko ilungileyo.Iinkqubo zokulawula umkhondo welanga ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ehlabathini zonke kufuneka zibale i-engile yelanga ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo osuku ngalunye lonyaka ngokwesibanzi kunye nobude bendawo ekubekwe kuyo, kwaye zigcine indawo elimi kuyo ilanga ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka. kwi-PLC, ikhompyuter yetshiphu enye okanye isoftware yekhompyuter., oko kukuthi, ngokubala indawo yelanga ukuphumeza ukulandelela.Ithiyori yedatha yekhompyutha isetyenzisiwe, efuna idatha kunye noseto lwendawo yesibanzi kunye neside yomhlaba.Nje ukuba ifakwe, akukho lula ukuyihambisa okanye ukuyiqhawula.Emva kokuhamba nganye, idatha kufuneka ihlaziywe kwaye iiparitha ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zilungiswe;umgaqo, isekethe, iteknoloji, izixhobo I-Complicated, non-professionals ayikwazi ukuyiqhuba ngokungaqhelekanga.Inkampani yokuvelisa amandla elanga ye-photovoltaic e-Hebei iye yaphuhlisa ngokukodwa inkqubo yokulandelela ilanga ehamba phambili kwihlabathi, indleko ephantsi, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ayifuni ukubala idatha yendawo yelanga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ayinayo isofthiwe, kwaye iyakwazi ngokuchanekileyo. ukulandelela ilanga kwizixhobo eziphathwayo nanini na, naphi na.Inkqubo yeyokuqala indawo yokubeka indawo yelanga e-China engasebenzisi isoftware yekhompyuter kwaphela.Inenqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe kwaye alikhawulelwanga ziimeko zejografi nezangaphandle.Ingasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi -50 ° C ukuya ku-70 ° C;ukuchaneka kokulandela umkhondo kunokufikelela ku-±0.001 °, ukwandise ukuchaneka kokulandelela ilanga, ukuqonda ngokugqibeleleyo ukulandelela ngexesha, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga.Ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo apho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo kufuneka zisebenzise ukulandelela ilanga.I-tracker yelanga ezenzekelayo iyafikeleleka, izinzile ekusebenzeni, ingqiqo kwisakhiwo, ichanekileyo ekulandeleni umkhondo, kwaye kulula kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.Faka inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga exhotyiswe nge-smart sun tracker kwiimoto ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu, oololiwe, izithuthi ezingxamisekileyo zonxibelelwano, izithuthi ezikhethekileyo zomkhosi, iinqanawa zokulwa okanye iinqanawa, nokuba iyaphi na inkqubo, ujike njani, ujike, umkhondo welanga okrelekrele. Bonke banokuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye yokulandelela efunekayo yesixhobo ijonge ilanga!
Isebenza njaniHlela usasazo
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic bubuchwepheshe obuguqula ngokuthe ngqo amandla okukhanya kumandla ombane ngokusebenzisa umphumo we-photovoltaic we-interface ye-semiconductor.Into ephambili yale teknoloji yiseli yelanga.Emva kokuba iiseli zelanga zidibaniswe kuluhlu, zinokupakishwa kwaye zikhuselwe ukuba zenze imodyuli yeseli yelanga enkulu, kwaye emva koko idibaniswe nabalawuli bamandla kunye namanye amacandelo ukwenza isixhobo sokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic.
Imodyuli ye-solar photovoltaic iguqula ilanga elithe ngqo kwi-current current, kwaye iintambo ze-photovoltaic zixhunyiwe ngokuhambelana nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla e-DC ngokusebenzisa ibhokisi yokudibanisa ye-DC.kwikhabhinethi yokusasazwa kwamandla e-AC, kwaye ngokuthe ngqo kwicala labasebenzisi ngekhabhathi yokuhambisa amandla e-AC.
Ukusebenza kweeseli ze-silicon zasekhaya ze-crystalline malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-13% (kufuneka ibe malunga ne-14% ukuya kwi-17%), kunye nokusebenza kweemveliso ezifanayo zangaphandle malunga ne-12 ukuya kwi-14%.Iphaneli yelanga equka enye okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli zelanga ibizwa ngokuba yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic.Iimveliso zokuvelisa amandla e-Photovoltaic zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimiba emithathu: eyokuqala, ukunika amandla kwizihlandlo ezingenamandla, ikakhulu ukubonelela ngamandla okuphila kunye nemveliso yabahlali kwiindawo ezinkulu ezingenamandla, kunye nokunikezelwa kombane we-microwave, ukunikezelwa kombane wonxibelelwano, njl. Ukongeza, ikwabandakanya izixhobo zombane eziphathwayo kunye nonikezelo lwamandla oLondolozo;okwesibini, iimveliso ze-elektroniki zelanga zelanga, ezifana neetshaja ezahlukeneyo zelanga, izibane zelanga zesitalato kunye nezibane zelanga;okwesithathu, umbane oqhagamshelwe kwigridi, othe waphunyezwa ngokubanzi kumazwe aphuhlileyo.umbane welizwe lam oqhagamshelwe kwigridi awukaqalisi, nangona kunjalo, inxalenye yombane osetyenziselwe iiOlimpiki zaseBeijing zowama-2008 iya kubonelelwa ngamandla elanga namandla omoya.
Kwithiyori, iteknoloji yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ingasetyenziswa nakwesiphi na isiganeko esifuna amandla, ukusuka kwi-spacecraft, ukuya kumandla wendlu, amakhulu njengezikhululo zamandla ze-megawatt, ezincinci njengamathoyizi, imithombo yamandla e-photovoltaic ikhona yonke indawo.Awona macandelo asisiseko sokuvelisa amandla elanga elanga yi-solar cell (sheets), kubandakanywa nesilicon monocrystalline, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon kunye neeseli zefilimu ezincinci.Phakathi kwazo, iibhetri ze-monocrystalline kunye ne-polycrystalline zisetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye iibhetri ze-amorphous zisetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo ezincinci kunye nemithombo yamandla ancedisayo kwiikhaltyhuleyitha.Ukusebenza kweeseli ze-silicon zasekhaya zaseChina malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-13%, kunye nokusebenza kweemveliso ezifanayo kwihlabathi malunga ne-12 ukuya kwi-14%.Iphaneli yelanga equka enye okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli zelanga ibizwa ngokuba yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-17-2022