Wire le thapo ke lihlahisoa tsa terata tse sebelisetsoang ho fetisa matla a motlakase (magnetic), tlhahisoleseling le ho lemoha phetoho ea matla a motlakase.Mohala o tloaelehileng le mohala o boetse o bitsoa mohala, 'me mohala o nang le moelelo o moqotetsane o bua ka mohala oa insulated, o ka hlalosoang e le: kakaretso e entsoeng ka likarolo tse latelang;li-cores tse le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tse nang le li-insulated, le likoahelo tsa tsona tse ka khonehang, lera la tšireletso le ka ntle, mohala o ka boela oa ba le li-conductors tse eketsehileng tse sa sebelisoang.
Lihlahisoa tsa 'mele tse se nang letho:
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa lihlahisoa tsa mofuta ona ke: tšepe e hloekileng ea conductor, ntle le li-insulation le li-sheath layers, tse kang lithapo tse entsoeng ka tšepe tsa aluminium, li-busbar tsa koporo-aluminium, lithapo tsa motlakase, joalo-joalo;Theknoloji ea ts'ebetso ke haholo-holo ho sebetsana le khatello, joalo ka smelting, calendering, ho taka Lihlahisoa li sebelisoa haholo-holo litoropong, libakeng tsa mahaeng, mela e meholo ea basebelisi, li-switches cabinets, joalo-joalo.
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa ke: extruding (matsoelintsoeke) lera insulating ka ntle ho conductor, joalo ka likhoele insulated overhead, kapa cores tse 'maloa sothehileng (ho tsamaisana le mohato, ho se nke lehlakore le fatše mehala ea tsamaiso ea matla), joalo ka likhoele tse kentsoeng ka holim'a hlooho tse nang le li-cores tse fetang tse peli, kapa eketsa lesela la baki, joalo ka terata e shethetsoeng ea polasetiki / rabara le thapo.Theknoloji ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso ke ho taka, ho ts'oara, ho ts'oaroa ha insulation (ho phuthela), cabling, armoring le sheath extrusion, joalo-joalo Ho na le phapang e itseng ho kopantseng lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng.
Lihlahisoa li sebelisoa haholo-holo phetisong ea matla a matla a motlakase ho fehlang matla, kabo, phetisetso, phetisetso le likhoele tsa phepelo ea motlakase, ka maqhubu a maholo (amps tse mashome ho isa ho likete tsa li-amps) le maqhubu a phahameng (220V ho 35kV le ho feta).
Cable e bataletseng:
Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa mofuta ona oa lihlahisoa ke: mefuta e mengata e fapaneng le litlhaloso, mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso, ts'ebeliso ea matla a motlakase a 1kV le ka tlase, le lihlahisoa tse ncha li lula li hlahisoa ka lebaka la liketsahalo tse khethehileng, joalo ka mollo- lithapo tse manganga, lithapo tse thibelang malakabe, halogen e sa tsubeng hanyenyane / e tlaase Mosi le likhoele tsa halogen tse tlaase, likhoele tse sa keneng mohloa, tse sa keneng ke litoeba, lithapo tse sa keneleng oli/tse sa batang/tse hanyetsanang mochesong le mochesong, tsa bongaka/ mehala ea temo/ea merafo, mehala e nang le mabota a masesaane, joalo-joalo.
Lithapo tsa puisano le likhoele tsa optical:
Ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea puisano, ho tloha nakong e fetileng ea mehala e bonolo ea thelefono le ea thelekramo ho ea ho lipara tse likete-kete tsa lithapo tsa lentsoe, lithapo tsa coaxial, lithapo tsa optical, lithapo tsa boitsebiso, esita le mehala ea puisano e kopantsoeng.Boholo ba sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tse joalo hangata bo nyane ebile bo ts'oana, 'me ho nepahala ha tlhahiso ho phahame.
terata e tsoekang
Winding terata ke terata e tsamaisang tšepe e nang le lera la insulating, le sebelisetsoang ho etsa likhoele kapa mapheo a lihlahisoa tsa motlakase.Ha e sebetsa, matla a khoheli a hlahisoa ke hona joale, kapa matla a khoheli a hlahisoa ka ho seha mohala oa khoheli oa matla ho hlokomela phetoho ea matla a motlakase le matla a khoheli, kahoo e fetoha terata ea motlakase.
Bongata ba lihlahisoa tsa terata le lithapo ke lihlahisoa tse nang le sebopeho se tšoanang sa sefapano (se-cross-section) (ho hlokomoloha liphoso tse bakoang ke tlhahiso) le likhoele tse telele, tse bakoang ke likarolo tse sebelisoang ho etsa mela kapa likhoele ka har'a litsamaiso kapa lisebelisoa.etsa qeto.Ka hona, ho ithuta le ho sekaseka sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tsa li-cable, ho hlokahala feela ho ela hloko le ho sekaseka ho tloha karolong ea eona ea sefapano.
Likarolo tsa sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tsa terata le lithapo li ka aroloa ka kakaretso ka likarolo tse 'ne tsa meralo: li-conductors, li-insulating layers, tšireletso le sheathing, hammoho le likarolo tsa ho tlatsa le lintho tse thata.Ho latela litlhoko tsa tšebeliso le ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa, lihlahisoa tse ling li na le meaho e bonolo haholo.
2. Lisebelisoa tsa cable
Ka tsela e itseng, indasteri ea ho etsa terata le lithapo ke indasteri ea ho qeta le ho kopanya.Ntlha ea pele, palo ea thepa e kholo, 'me litšenyehelo tsa thepa lihlahisoa tsa cable li etsa 80-90% ea litšenyehelo tsohle tsa tlhahiso;ea bobeli, ho na le mefuta e mengata le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang, 'me litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso li phahame haholo.Ka mohlala, koporo bakeng sa li-conductor e hloka hore bohloeki ba koporo bo be Ho feta 99.95%, lihlahisoa tse ling li hloka ho sebelisa koporo e se nang oksijene e phahameng ea bohloeki;ea boraro, khetho ea thepa e tla ba le phello e tiileng ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa le bophelo ba tšebeletso.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, melemo ea lik'hamphani tsa ho etsa terata le lithapo li boetse li amana haufi-ufi le hore na thepa e ka bolokoa ka saense ka khetho ea thepa, ts'ebetso le tsamaiso ea tlhahiso.
Ka hona, ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa terata le lisebelisoa, e tlameha ho etsoa ka nako e le 'ngoe le khetho ea thepa.Ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tse 'maloa li khethoa ebe li khethoa kamora tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso.
Lisebelisoa tsa lihlahisoa tsa cable li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tsa conductive, lisebelisoa tsa ho sireletsa, lisebelisoa tsa ho tlatsa, lisebelisoa tsa tšireletso, lisebelisoa tsa sheath, joalo-joalo ho ea ka likarolo le mesebetsi ea tsona.Empa tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tsena li tloaelehile likarolong tse 'maloa tsa mohaho.Haholo-holo, lisebelisoa tsa thermoplastic, tse kang polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, joalo-joalo, li ka sebelisoa ho kenya letsoho kapa ho kenya sheathing hafeela likarolo tse ling tsa sebopeho li fetoha.
Lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa cable li kenyelletsa mefuta e mengata e fapaneng, 'me ho na le mefuta e mengata le litlhaloso (li-brand).
3. Lebitso le thepa ea sebopeho sa sehlahisoa
(1) Wire: karolo ea mantlha le ea bohlokoa ka ho fetesisa ea sehlahisoa ho etsa ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ea tlhahisoleseling ea hona joale kapa ea motlakase.
Lintho tse bonahalang: Wire ke khutsufatso ea conductive terata konokono.E entsoe ka litšepe tse se nang ferrous tse nang le motlakase o motle oa motlakase o kang koporo, aluminium, tšepe ea koporo, aluminium e nang le koporo, joalo-joalo, 'me fiber ea optical e sebelisoa e le terata.
Ho na le terata ea koporo e se nang letho, terata e kentsoeng ka masenke;terata e le 'ngoe ea lekala, terata e kholehileng;terata e tshetsoeng ka mora ho sotha.
(2) Insulation layer: Ke karolo e pota-potileng terata mme e bapala karolo ea ho sireletsa motlakase.Ka mantsoe a mang, e ka etsa bonnete ba hore leqhubu le fetisoang hona joale kapa la motlakase le leqhubu la khanya le tsamaea feela ka terata 'me le se ke la phalla ho ea ka ntle, le bokhoni ba conductor (ke hore, phapang e ka bang teng e thehiloe linthong tse potolohileng, ke hore, voltage) e ka aroloa, ke hore, hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa phetiso e tloaelehileng ea terata.mosebetsi, empa hape ho netefatsa polokeho ea lintho tse kantle le batho.Conductor le insulating layer ke likarolo tse peli tsa motheo tse lokelang ho ba le ho etsa lihlahisoa tsa cable (ntle le lithapo tse se nang letho).
Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong: PVC, PE, XLPE, polypropylene PP, fluoroplastic F, rabara, pampiri, tepi ea mica
(3) Sebopeho sa ho tlatsa: Lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa terata le tsa cable li na le li-multi-core.Ka mor'a hore li-cores tsena tse insulated kapa lipara li kenngoe ka mohala (kapa li arotsoe ka likhoele ka makhetlo a mangata), e 'ngoe ke hore sebopeho ha se chitja, 'me se seng ke hore ho na le likheo pakeng tsa li-insulated cores.Ho na le lekhalo le leholo, kahoo mohaho oa ho tlatsa o tlameha ho eketsoa nakong ea cabling.Sebopeho sa ho tlatsa ke ho etsa hore bophara bo ka ntle ba cabling bo be bo pota-potileng, e le ho nolofalletsa ho phuthela le ho ntša sheath.
Boitsebiso bo ka sehloohong: thapo ea PP
(4) Tšireletso: Ke karolo e khethollang sebaka sa motlakase oa motlakase ho sehlahisoa sa cable ho tloha sebakeng sa kantle sa motlakase;lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lithapo le tsona li hloka ho aroloa ho tse ling lipakeng tsa lipara tse fapaneng tsa terata (kapa lihlopha tsa terata) kahare.Ho ka boleloa hore lera le sireletsang ke mofuta oa "electromagnetic isolation screen".Conductor shielding le insulating shielding ea lik'hebole phahameng-voltage ke homogenize kabo ea tšimo ea motlakase.
Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong: terata ea koporo e se nang letho, terata ea tšepe e entsoeng ka koporo, terata ea koporo e kentsoeng
(5) Sheath: Ha lihlahisoa tsa terata le lithapo li kenngoa le ho sebelisoa libakeng tse sa tšoaneng, li tlameha ho ba le likarolo tse sireletsang sehlahisoa ka kakaretso, haholo-holo lesela le sireletsang, e leng sheath.
Hobane lisebelisoa tsa insulate li hlokahala hore li be le lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa ho sireletsa motlakase, li tlameha ho ba le bohloeki bo phahameng haholo le litšila tse fokolang;hangata ba sitoa ho nahanela bokhoni ba bona ba ho sireletsa lefatše le ka ntle.) Ho mamella kapa ho hanyetsa matla a fapaneng a mochini, ho hanyetsa tikoloho ea sepakapaka, ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale kapa oli, ho thibela tšenyo ea likokoana-hloko, le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa mollo ho tlameha ho etsoa ke mehaho e fapaneng ea sheath.
Lintho tse ka sehloohong: PVC, PE, rabara, aluminium, lebanta la tšepe
(6) Tensile element: sebopeho se tloaelehileng ke terata ea tšepe ea mantlha ea aluminium, thapo ea fiber ea optical joalo-joalo.Ka mantsoe a mang, karolo ea "tensile" e phetha karolo e kholo ho lihlahisoa tse khethehileng tse khethehileng tse nyenyane le tse bonolo tse hlokang ho kobeha le ho sotha hangata.
Boemo ba ntlafatso:
Leha indasteri ea lithapo le lithapo e le indasteri e tšehetsang feela, e nka 1/4 ea boleng ba tlhahiso ea indasteri ea motlakase ea China.E na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso, e kenyelletsang matla, kaho, likhokahano, tlhahiso le liindasteri tse ling, 'me e amana haufi-ufi le mafapha ohle a moruo oa naha.Lithapo le lithapo li boetse li tsejoa e le "methapo" le "methapo" ea moruo oa naha.Ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa mantlha bakeng sa ho fetisa matla a motlakase, ho fetisa tlhahisoleseling, le ho etsa li-motor tse fapaneng, lisebelisoa le limithara ho phethahatsa phetoho ea matla a motlakase.lihlahisoa tsa motheo tse hlokahalang sechabeng.
Indasteri ea terata le ea lithapo ke indasteri ea bobeli e kholo ka ho fetisisa China kamora indasteri ea likoloi, 'me sekhahla sa khotsofalo sa lihlahisoa le karolo ea mmaraka ea lapeng ka bobeli li feta 90%.Lefatšeng ka bophara, kakaretso ea theko ea China ea terata le thapo e feta ea United States, 'me e se e le sehlahisi se seholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng sa terata le likhoele.Ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea China ea terata le lithapo, palo ea lik'hamphani tse ncha e ntse e eketseha, 'me boemo ba botekgeniki ba indasteri bo ntlafalitsoe haholo.
Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa ho Pulungoana 2007, kakaretso ea boleng ba tlhahiso ea indasteri ea indasteri ea tlhahiso ea mehala le mehala ea China e fihlile ho li-yuan tse likete tse 476,742,526, keketseho ea 34.64% nakong e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng;chelete e bokelletsoeng ea thekiso ea lihlahisoa e ne e le li-yuan tse likete tse 457,503,436, keketseho ea 33.70% nakong e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng;Kakaretso ea phaello e ne e le li-yuan tse likete tse 18,808,301, keketseho ea 32.31% ka nako e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng.
Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa ka Mots'eanong 2008, kakaretso ea boleng ba tlhahiso ea indasteri ea indasteri ea tlhahiso ea mehala le mehala ea China e ne e le li-yuan tse 241,435,450,000, keketseho ea 26.47% nakong e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng;chelete e bokelletsoeng ea thekiso ea lihlahisoa e ne e le li-yuan tse 227,131,384,000, keketseho ea 26.26% nakong e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng;kakaretso ea phaello e bokelletsoeng e fihletsoe 8,519,637,000 yuan, keketseho ea 26.55% nakong e tšoanang ea selemo se fetileng.Ka Pulungoana 2008, ka lebaka la mathata a lichelete a lefats'e, mmuso oa China o ile oa etsa qeto ea ho tsetela li-yuan tse libilione tse 4 ho matlafatsa tlhokahalo ea lehae, eo ho eona ho sebelisitsoeng ho feta 40% bakeng sa kaho le nchafatso ea marang-rang a matla a litoropo le a mahaeng.Indasteri ea naha ea lithapo le lithapo e na le monyetla o mong o motle oa 'maraka, 'me lik'hamphani tsa mehala le likhoele libakeng tse fapaneng li nka monyetla ona oa ho amohela letoto le lecha la kaho le phetoho ea marang-rang a motlakase litoropong le mahaeng.
Selemo sa 2012 se fetileng e ne e le moeli oa indasteri ea lithapo le lithapo tsa China.Ka lebaka la phokotseho ea kholo ea GDP, mathata a lichelete a lefats'e, le tokiso ea sebopeho sa moruo oa lehae, lik'hamphani tsa li-cable tsa malapeng hangata li ne li sa sebelisoe hantle le ho ba le bokhoni bo feteletseng.Indasteri e tšoenyehile ka leqhubu la ho koaloa.Ha 2013 e fihla, indasteri ea China ea terata le lithapo e tla tlisa menyetla e mecha ea khoebo le limmaraka.
Ho tloha ka 2012, 'maraka oa lefats'e oa lithapo le lithapo o fetile li-euro tse limilione tse likete tse 100.Lefapheng la lefats'e la terata le li-cable, 'maraka oa Asia o etsa 37%,' maraka oa Europe o haufi le 30%, 'maraka oa Amerika o etsa 24%,' me limmaraka tse ling li etsa 9%.Har'a tsona, leha indasteri ea China ea terata le ea lithapo e bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka indastering ea lefats'e ea mehala le lithapo, mme ho tloha ka 2011, boleng ba tlhahiso ea lik'hamphani tsa China tsa terata le lithapo bo fetile ba United States, ba maemong a pele lefatšeng.Empa ho ea ka pono ea sepheo, ha e bapisoa le indasteri ea terata le ea lithapo Europe le United States, naha ea heso e ntse e le boemong bo boholo empa e se matla, 'me ho ntse ho e-na le lekhalo le leholo le tsebahalang ka terata le marang-rang a marang-rang. .
Ka 2011, boleng ba thekiso ea indasteri ea terata le lithapo tsa China bo fihlile ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 1,143.8, ho feta yuan ka lekhetlo la pele, keketseho ea 28.3%, le phaello ea li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 68.Ka 2012, boleng ba thekiso ea indasteri ea mehala le lithapo tsa naha ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Phupu e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 671.5, phaello e felletseng e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 28.1, 'me phaello e tloaelehileng e ne e le 4,11 feela%..
Ho feta moo, ho latela pono ea tekanyo ea thepa ea indasteri ea lithapo ea China, thepa ea indasteri ea lithapo le lithapo tsa China e fihlile ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 790.499 ka 2012, e leng keketseho ea 12.20% selemo le selemo.Chaena Bochabela e ikarabella ho feta 60% ea naha, 'me e ntse e boloka tlhōlisano e matla indastering eohle ea tlhahiso ea terata le lithapo.[1]
Khōlo e tsoelang pele le e potlakileng ea moruo oa Chaena e fane ka sebaka se seholo sa 'maraka bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa cable.Teko e matla ea 'maraka oa Chaena e entse hore lefatše le tsepamise maikutlo' marakeng oa Chaena.Lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tsa ntlafatso le ho bula, indasteri ea tlhahiso ea li-cable ea Chaena e na le Matla a maholo a tlhahiso a entsoeng a khahlile lefatše.Ka keketseho e tsoelang pele ea indasteri ea matla a motlakase ea China, indasteri ea puisano ea data, indasteri ea lipalangoang tsa litoropong, indasteri ea likoloi, kaho ea likepe le liindasteri tse ling, tlhoko ea lithapo le likhoele le eona e tla eketseha ka potlako, 'me indasteri ea terata le lithapo e na le monyetla o moholo oa nts'etsopele. bokamoso.Tlaleho ea Tlhokahalo ea 'Maraka oa Indasteri ea Lithapo le Lithapo le Tlaleho ea Tlhahlobo ea Morero oa Leano la Matsete.
Ts'ebetsong ea ho khothaletsa leano la khoebo ea machabeng ea lik'hamphani tsa terata le lithapo le ho kenya ts'ebetsong taolo le taolo ea maano, melao-motheo e latelang e lokela ho lateloa: ho ela hloko khoebo ea lapeng le khoebo ea machabeng, ho batla khokahano lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa le moralo oa indasteri, tekanyo e tsitsitseng le katleho. , le litokelo tse tsamaellanang tsa beng le taolo , k'hamphani ea motsoali le khoebo e ka tlase li hokahanngoa, 'me mokhoa oa mokhatlo oa tlhahiso o lumellana le sebopeho sa mokhatlo le tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea ts'ebetso le tsamaiso.Ho latela melaoana ena, lik'hamphani tsa terata le lithapo li lokela ho sebetsana le likamano tse latelang:
1. Tšoara ka nepo kamano pakeng tsa khoebo ea lapeng le khoebo ea machaba
Ho lokela ho totobatsoa hore ts'ebetso ea machaba ea likhoebo tsa mehala le likhoele ke tlhokahalo le sepheo sa katoloso ea tlhahiso ea khoebo, ho fapana le sepheo se ikemetseng le sa maiketsetso.Ha se lik'hamphani tsohle tsa mehala le lithapo tse tlamehang ho etsa mesebetsi ea machaba.Ka lebaka la litekanyo tse fapaneng le mofuta oa khoebo oa lik'hamphani, ho na le lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa terata le lithapo tse loketseng ho etsa khoebo 'marakeng oa lehae.Likhamphani tsa terata le lithapo tse nang le maemo a ts'ebetso ea machabeng li ntse li hloka ho sebetsana ka nepo lipakeng tsa khoebo ea lapeng le khoebo ea machabeng.Mmaraka oa lehae ke setsi sa motheo sa ho phela le ho nts'etsapele likhoebo.Likhoebo tsa mehala le likhoele li ka nka monyetla oa maemo a matle a leholimo, jeokrafi le batho ho etsa khoebo Chaena.Leha ho le joalo, nts'etsopele ea likhoebo tsa China tsa terata le lithapo li tlameha ho nka likotsi tse itseng likarolong tsena.Ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo ho nako e telele, ho atolosa sebaka sa ts'ebetso ea lebatooa ho latela pono ea kabo e nepahetseng ea lintlha tsa tlhahiso ho ntlafatsa karolo ea mmaraka le tlholisano.
2. Hoa utloahala ho ela hloko kamano pakeng tsa moralo oa indasteri le kabo ea lisebelisoa
Ka hona, lik'hamphani tsa terata le li-cable ha lia lokela ho hlahisa lisebelisoa mose ho maoatle feela, empa hape li fana ka lisebelisoa mose ho maoatle ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala le litšenyehelo tse ling tsa lipalangoang.Ka nako e ts'oanang, likhoebo tsa terata le lithapo ke likhoebo tsa tlhahiso, 'me li lokela ho nahana ka mokhoa o utloahalang phello ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho le khaello ea matla holim'a sebopeho sa indasteri, le ho kenya likhokahano tsa tlhahiso e matla linaheng tsa mose ho maoatle tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata le litšenyehelo tse tlase.
3. Tšoara ka nepo kamano pakeng tsa katoloso ea sekala le ntlafatso ea katleho
Ho theosa le lilemo, tekanyo ea ts'ebetso ea machaba ea likhoebo tsa China tsa terata le lithapo e 'nile ea ameha,' me maikutlo a sechaba ka kakaretso a lumela hore ka lebaka la bonyenyane ba bona, likhoebo tse ngata ha lia hlahisa melemo ea moruo e lebelletsoeng.Ka hona, ka nako e itseng, ts'ebetso ea machaba ea lik'hamphani tse ling tsa China tsa terata le likhoele li fetelletse ho tse ling tse fetelletseng, ho lelekisa sekala se le seng, ho iphapanyetsa melemo ea moruo, ka hona ho fapana le sepheo sa mantlha sa ts'ebetso ea lichaba tse ngata.Ka hona, lik'hamphani tsa terata le li-cable li tlameha ho sebetsana ka nepo kamano pakeng tsa sekala le katleho moralong oa maano le ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea linaha tse fapaneng, le ho holisa sekala sa bona e le ho fumana melemo e phahameng.
4. Tšoara kamano pakeng tsa beng le taolo ka nepo
Likhamphani tsa mehala le li-cable li fumane karolo kapa beng bohle ba lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle ka matsete a tsoang kantle ho naha.Sepheo ke ho fumana taolo holim'a lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle ka ho ba beng, e le ho sebeletsa leano la nts'etsopele ea k'hamphani e kholo le ho fumana melemo e mengata ea moruo.Ho fapana le hoo, haeba khoebo ea terata le ea lithapo e fumana karolo kapa beng bohle ba khoebo ea mose ho maoatle, empa e hloleha ho laola khoebo mme e sa etse hore beng ba eona ba fane ka leano le akaretsang la ofisi, joale ts'ebetso ea naha e tla lahleheloa ke eona. moelelo oa eona oa sebele.Ha se khoebo ea lichaba tse ngata e le kannete.Ka hona, k'hamphani ea terata le ea lithapo e nkang 'maraka oa lefats'e e le sepheo sa eona sa leano e tlameha ho fumana litokelo tse tsamaellanang tsa taolo ho sa tsotelehe hore na e fumana beng ba bokae ts'ebetsong ea machaba.
Nako ea poso: Sep-23-2022